
Sigmund Freud
(1856 - 1949)
The founder of psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud published his first major work, The Interpretation of Dreams, in 1899 and his last, Moses and Monotheism, in 1938—the same year Adolf Hitler invaded Austria. Shortly before he published The Interpretation of Dreams, Freud sent a copy of it to his friend Wilhelm Fleiss, who suggested that the recounted dreams were too humorous. Six years later Freud published a work on humor, relating “joke work” to “dream work.” Freud died in London in 1939 at the age of eighty-three.