To Raise the Water Level in a Fishpond, by Zhang Huan, 1997. Chromogenic print. © Zhang Huan, courtesy Pace Gallery.

Climate

Volume XII, Number 4 | fall 2019

Map

Current Events

Ocean currents and atmospheric winds shape more than trade routes.

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Miscellany

Archaeologists studying large-scale fishing operations in medieval Europe found that changes in marine fishing in England between 600 and 1600 occurred rapidly around 1000 and involved significant catches of herring and cod. “This revolution predated the documented postmedieval expansion of England’s sea fisheries,” they concluded. “The century between 950 and 1050 can now be pinpointed as the ultimate origin of today’s fishing crisis.”

The planet keeps to the astronomer’s timetable, but the wind still bloweth almost where it listeth.

—John Henry Poynting, 1899